Compare Dhekelia (2004) - Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

Compare Dhekelia (2004) z Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

	Dhekelia (2004)	Ashmore and Cartier Islands (2005)

Area	total: 130.8 sq km note: area surrounds three Cypriot enclaves	total: 5 sq km land: 5 sq km water: 0 sq km note: includes Ashmore Reef (West, Middle, and East Islets) and Cartier Island
Area - comparative	about three-quarters the size of Washington, DC	about eight times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC
Background	By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovreignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers in total: Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The larger of these of these is the Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Eastern Sovereign Base Area.	These uninhabited islands came under Australian authority in 1931; formal administration began two years later. Ashmore Reef supports a rich and diverse avian and marine habitat; in 1983, it became a National Nature Reserve. Cartier Island, a former bombing range, is now a marine reserve.
Capital	Episkopi; located in Akrotiri	-
Climate	temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters	tropical
Coastline	-	74.1 km
Country name	conventional long form: Dhekelia Sovereign Base Area conventional short form: Dhekelia	conventional long form: Territory of Ashmore and Cartier Islands conventional short form: Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Dependency status	overseas territory of UK; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus	territory of Australia; administered by the Australian Department of Transport and Regional Services
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (territory of Australia)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (overseas territory of the UK)	none (territory of Australia)
Disputes - international	-	Indonesian groups challenge Australia's claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia closed the surrounding waters to Indonesian traditional fishing and created a national park in the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Economy - overview	Economic activity is limited to providing services to the military and their families located in Dhekelia. All food and manufactured goods must be imported.	no economic activity
Elevation extremes	-	lowest point: Indian Ocean 0 m highest point: unnamed location 3 m
Environment - current issues	netting and trapping of small migrant songbirds in the spring and autumn	NA
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen Elizabeth II (since 6 February 1952) head of government: Administrator Maj. Gen. Peter Tomas Clayton PEARSON (since 9 May 2003) note - reports to the British Ministry of Defence elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the administrator is appointed by the monarch	-
Flag description	the flag of the UK is used	the flag of Australia is used
Geographic coordinates	34 59 N, 33 45 E	12 14 S, 123 05 E
Geography - note	British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small off-post sites scattered across Cyprus	Ashmore Reef National Nature Reserve established in August 1983
Irrigated land	-	0 sq km (1998 est.)
Land boundaries	-	0 km
Land use	-	arable land: 0% permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (all grass and sand) (2001)
Legal system	the laws of the UK, where applicable, apply	the laws of the Commonwealth of Australia and the laws of the Northern Territory of Australia, where applicable, apply
Location	on the southeast coast of Cyprus near Famagusta	Southeastern Asia, islands in the Indian Ocean, midway between northwestern Australia and Timor island
Map references	Middle East	Southeast Asia
Maritime claims	-	territorial sea: 12 nm contiguous zone: 12 nm continental shelf: 200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Military - note	includes Dheklia Garrison and Ayios Nikolaos Station connected by a roadway	defense is the responsibility of Australia; periodic visits by the Royal Australian Navy and Royal Australian Air Force
Natural hazards	-	surrounded by shoals and reefs that can pose maritime hazards
Natural resources	-	fish
People - note	-	the landing of illegal immigrants from Indonesia's Rote Island has become an ongoing problem
Population	no indigenous personnel note: approximately 2,200 military personnel are on the base; there are another 5,000 British citizens who are families of military personnel or civilian staff on both the bases of Akrotiri and Dhekelia; Cyprus citizens work on the base, but do not live there	no indigenous inhabitants note: Indonesian fishermen are allowed access to the lagoon and fresh water at Ashmore Reef's West Island (July 2005 est.)
Ports and harbors	-	none; offshore anchorage only
Terrain	-	low with sand and coral

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